All: Shelf life is a determination of the acidity of the product. Vinegar, lime juice, or lemon juice are common acidulants. Products are considered "shelf stable" if they have a pH below 4.6, though it's better to aim lower. Acidified products should be bottled hot, at a temperature no lower than 165 degrees. Hot bottling forms a hermetic seal, and the best way to ensure a proper seal is to invert the bottle once it is sealed. Hermetic seals are a little vacuum in the bottle, and do not require hot water bathing. The only way to check product acidity is with a pH meter. Cole-Parmer has a nice one for around $110. If you have additional questions, I'll try to dig through my course work (USDA-certified "acidified foods" course) to answer them. We had to take this course to FDA-certify our hot sauce manufacturing facility (sigh). -- Robert Farr (540) 668-7160 Check out http://www.chileman.com for ALL Natural Hot Sauce!