Folks, There are probably many listers more expert than I, but I'd always thought chiles were perennial. It is just that they are not frost tolerant. Here in Kentucky, USA, I've got a 3-year old Red Savina Hab whose chiles are ripening now. It's in a pot and I bring it in each winter. So, to our Aussie and Israeli members, I think your chiles will continue to grow year round as long as you don't have frosts or a freeze. I'm sure there are some varieties that are more frost tolerant. I'd speculate that some of the wild chiles, native to parts of South America occur at high enough elevations that I suspect they have adapted to cope. Take care. Stay in heat. Brandon C. Nuttall bnuttall@kih.net