James, If you're in Sydney, then it's sure to be fruit fly. There are a lot around at the moment. I am also in Sydney and while I can't say I've had any trouble with my chillies as yet, but I've been fighting them off my tomatoes. Fruit fly are a serious commercial pest. You must place all infected pods in a sealed plastic bag, put it in the full sun for a couple of hours, then dispose of it in the rubbish bin. It is important to break their breeding cycle. A tip you could try is to cover the chillies from above using a bit of cloth rag or paper bag. If it's a Don Burke Thai chilli, it holds it's pods upright so a bag would be easy to apply. The reason behind this madness is that apparently fruit fly identify and attack the fruit by sight from above. If it's covered, they don't see it. Of course, it also means you can't admire the pods, but that's better than not having any... As for the aphids, try washing them off the serrano a firm jet of water from the hose. You could also try a jet of soapy water from a spray bottle, both methods assisted by back-up squashing of those reluctant to leave. Once aphids have been forcibly removed using this method, their mouth parts are damaged to the point where they cannot feed again. This method requires close scrutiny in the follow-up, as any aphids left will rapidly breed up in numbers again. You could also try encouraging aphid's predators such as lacewings into the garden to feed from the aphids. Lacewing larvae are the ones who do the good work here, but you must attract the adults. They like flowering alyssium, dill, carrot, parsnip etc. Good luck, Tara -- _____________________________________________________ Tara Deen Phone: 61-2-9351 4271 School of Geosciences Fax: 61-2-9351 0184 Building FO5 Mobile: 061 410 538 655 University of Sydney NSW 2006 email: tara@es.usyd.edu.au AUSTRALIA ______________________________________________________