Is anyone on the list familiar with the implications of KH (carbonate hardness) of water? Last week I decided to setup a whiskey barrel pond and include some goldfish. I have the fish in an aquarium until the pond is ready. I've been having a h*** of a time balancing the pH. I've finally figured out that the problem is the carbonate hardness of our water. The KH is so high (9 dKH or 161.1 ppm) that pH wants to stay around 8.0 and I want it to be 7.0 (which it is, right out of the tap but becomes more alkaline as it loses CO2) Even adding a 7.0 buffer is not helping much. Does anyone know of any tricks besides using deionized water? Now, I'm also wondering about the implications of carbonate hardness on my garden soil and plants? It might explain a few things. Terry (off to boil some water for a partial aquarium water change wondering how my simple whisky barrel pond became so complicated :-/) E. WA. zone 4