Hi Catharine, I have stated before that I suffer from macular degradation and do not do long e mails. Your questions seem to indicate the need for a primer in tomato culture. I would suggest Carolyn Male's book "100 Heirloom Tomatoes for the American Garden." It seems to be written at a level you can uderstand. Good gardening, Chuck Wyatt www.heirloomtomatoes.net